Pollution Control Board - Central & State
Central pollution control board:
Central
pollution control board [CPCB] of India is a statutory organization under the
Ministry of Environment and forest. It is established on 22nd
September 1974 underwater [prevention and control of pollution] act 1974. CPCB
is also entrusted with the powers and functions under the air [prevention and
control of pollution] act 1981.
As per the
provisions of environment Protection Act, 1986 it provides technical advice to
the Ministry of Environment and Forest and coordinates the activities of state
boards by offering technical assistance and guidance and results disputes among
them. It is an apex organization in the country, in the field of pollution
control, as technical wing of Ministry of environment and forest.
Administrative
structure and functions of CPCB
The central
pollution control board is led by its chairman who is nominated by the central
government. CPCB has its head office in New Delhi with 7 zonal officers and 5
laboratories. The board has approximately 500 full term employees, including
engineers, scientists and environmental protection specialists.
Its
important functions are:
- 1. Conducting environmental assessment
and research.
- 2. Maintaining national standards under
a variety of environmental law in consultation with zonal offices, tribals and
local governments.
- 3. Monitoring the water and air quality
and maintaining respective quality data.
- 4. Working with industries and all
levels of governments in a wide variety of voluntary pollution prevention
programs and energy conservation efforts.
- 5. Advising governments of union
territories about an industry, or the pollution source, causing water and air
pollution.
- 6. Implementing the legislation relating
to prevention and control of environmental pollutions, along with the state
pollution control boards.
1. Pollution assessment [survey and monitoring]
2. R & D (Research and Development) and laboratory management.
3. Development of standards and guidelines for industry specific emissions and effluent standards.
4. Training.
5. Information database management and library.
6. Pollution control technology.
7. Pollution control enforcement.
8. Mass Awareness programmes and Publications
9. Hazard waste management
State Pollution Control Board:
All states
in India have established their own boards to continuously monitor and control
air, water and noise pollution. State pollution control board undertake
appropriate measures to regulate industries in their respective states so as to
ensure the norms and standards set by CPCB with respect to industry specific
emissions and effluents.
Tamil
Nadu pollution control board (TNPCB):
TNPCB
established in 1982 functions with head office at Chennai, headed by Chairman,
Member Secretary, two additional Chief Environmental Engineers, and 10 joint
Chief Environmental Engineers, 31 district offices headed by district
Environmental Engineers and 2 district offices headed by assistant
Environmental Engineers.
Functions
of TNPCB:
1. Granting permissions to industries:
TNPCB issues consents to new industries in two stages.
Consent to establish is issued depending upon the suitability of the site
before the industry takes up the construction activities. And consent to
operate is issued after installation of pollution control measures by the unit
to satisfy the standards.
2. Penalizing the Erring industries:
TNPCB issues show cost notices takes legal actions and also
issues directions for closure, stoppage of power supply, water supply, etc.
Against erring industries /agencies for non-compliance of pollution control
legislations, conditions and standards.
3. Delegating powers to field officers:
TNPCB has delegated the power to the field officers for
closed monitoring. The joint. Chief environmental engineer/ District
Environmental Engineers/ Assistant Environmental Engineers, or empower to issue
or renew consent to orange and green category industries and to renew to red,
small category industries. They are also empowered to issue show cause notice
to all industries.
4. Assisting to Establish Common
Effluent Plants:
TNPCB plays a catalytic role in implementation of common
effluent treatment plants for small scale units like tanneries, textile dyeing
units, etc, located in clusters.
5. Taking steps for disposal of
hazardous wastes:
TNPCB is taking effective steps for the safe disposal of
hazardous waste and has completed the inventory of hazardous waste generating
units and also identified sites for disposal of hazardous wastes.
6. Developing environmental awareness:
TNPCB creates environmental awareness in the state through the environmental training institute, environmental awareness programs, environmental pavilion constructed at the Perrier Science and technology centre. NGO cell, Publishing of newsletters/ Pamphlets on environmental issues, etc.
Conclusion:
The Pollution Control Board plays a vital role in monitoring pollution levels in our nation. Through its measures and regulations, it focuses on sustainable development. Regular inspections, industry standards, and regulations are its tools for safeguarding our environment.
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